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1 staple sta·ple
I ['steɪpl]1. n(for papers) punto metallico2. vt(also: staple together) cucire con punti metalliciII ['steɪpl]1. adj(diet, food, products) base inv, (crop, industry) principale2. n(chief product) prodotto principale, (of diet) alimento principale -
2 staple
'steipl
I noun1) (a chief product of trade or industry.)2) (a chief or main item (of diet etc).)
II
1. noun1) (a U-shaped type of nail.)2) (a U-shaped piece of wire that is driven through sheets of paper etc to fasten them together.)
2. verb(to fasten or attach (paper etc) with staples.)- staplerstaple n grapatr['steɪpəl]1 (food, ingredient) básico,-a; (product, export) principal2 (usual) típico,-a, de siempre\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLstaple commodity artículo de primera necesidad————————tr['steɪpəl]1 (fastener) grapa1 graparstaple adj: principal, básicoa staple food: un alimento básicostaple n1) : producto m principal2) : grapa f (para engrapar papeles)adj.• principal adj.n.• cibica s.f.• grapa s.f.• hebra s.f.• materia prima s.f.• producto principal s.m.v.• sujetar con grapas v.
I 'steɪpəl1) (for fastening paper, cloth etc) grapa f, ganchito m, corchete m (Chi); (before n)staple gun — grapadora f, engrapadora f (AmL)
2)a) ( basic food) alimento m básicob) ( principal product) producto m principalc) ( raw material) materia f prima
II
III
transitive verb grapar, engrapar (AmL), corchetear (Chi)to staple something together — grapar or (AmL tb) engrapar or (Chi) corchetear algo
I ['steɪpl]1.N (=fastener) grapa f, corchete m (S. Cone)2.3.CPDstaple gun N — grapadora f
II ['steɪpl]1.ADJ [product] de primera necesidad; [topic of conversation] clásicotheir staple food or diet — su comida cotidiana, su alimento de primera necesidad
2.N (=chief product) artículo m de primera necesidad; (=food) alimento m de primera necesidad; (=raw material) materia f prima; [of wool] fibra f (textil); [of conversation] asunto m principal, elemento m esencial* * *
I ['steɪpəl]1) (for fastening paper, cloth etc) grapa f, ganchito m, corchete m (Chi); (before n)staple gun — grapadora f, engrapadora f (AmL)
2)a) ( basic food) alimento m básicob) ( principal product) producto m principalc) ( raw material) materia f prima
II
III
transitive verb grapar, engrapar (AmL), corchetear (Chi)to staple something together — grapar or (AmL tb) engrapar or (Chi) corchetear algo
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3 staple
I[΄steipl] n ամրակ, պնդիչ. կեռ, երկաթե կապII[΄steipl] n հիմնական արտադրանք. առևտրի հիմնական առարկա. գլխա վոր/ հիմնական տարր. the staple of conversation խոսակցության գլխավոր նյութը[΄steipl] a գլխավոր, հիմնական, կարևոր. staple products հիմնական ապրանքները. staple food հիմնական սննդամթերք. Rice is their staple diet Բրինձը նրանց հիմնական սնունդն էIV[΄steipl] v ամրացնել, պնդացնել. staple papers together թղթերն ամրացնել -
4 staple
staple ['steɪpəl]1 noun(a) (for paper) agrafe f(b) (for wire) cavalier m, crampillon m(c) (foodstuff) aliment m ou denrée f de base;∎ kitchen or household staples provisions fpl de base;∎ staples are being rationed en ce moment, les produits de première nécessité sont rationnés(e) (constituent) partie f intégrante;∎ divorce cases are a staple of his law practice son cabinet s'occupe essentiellement de divorces;∎ sex scandals are a staple of the tabloid press la presse à sensation se nourrit des scandales sexuels;∎ such accusations are a staple of the annual conference ces accusations reviennent régulièrement à chaque conférence annuelle(paper, upholstery etc) agrafer;∎ staple the sheets together agrafez les feuilles;∎ posters were stapled on or onto or to the walls des posters étaient agrafés aux murs(food, products) de base; (export, crop) principal;∎ a staple diet of rice and beans un régime à base de riz et de haricots;∎ for young children, milk is the staple diet pour les jeunes enfants, le lait est l'aliment de base;∎ figurative the staple diet of these TV channels consists of soap operas les programmes de ces chaînes de télévision sont essentiellement constitués de feuilletons;∎ their staple commodity is cotton le coton est leur produit de base;∎ tanks are a staple feature of conventional warfare les tanks sont un des éléments de base de la guerre conventionnelle►► Textiles staple fibre fibre f artificielle à filer;staple gun agrafeuse f (professionnelle);staple remover arrache-agrafes m inv -
5 ♦ diet
♦ diet (1) /ˈdaɪət/A n.1 dieta; regime alimentare: a healty [balanced, unhealthy] diet, una dieta sana [bilanciata, poco sana]; a strict diet, una dieta stretta; a varied diet, una dieta variata; a vegetarian [vegan] diet, una dieta vegetariana [vegetaliana]; a diet of fish [fruit and vegetables], una dieta di pesce [di frutta e verdura]; Their staple diet consists of beans and rice, la loro dieta base consiste in fagioli e riso; (med.) a low-calorie diet, una dieta ipocalorica2 dieta (dimagrante): slimming diet, dieta dimagrante; to go on a diet, mettersi a dieta; to be on a diet, essere a dieta; DIALOGO → - Back from holiday- I'm going on a diet as soon as I get back home, mi metto a dieta appena arrivo a casa; a crash diet, una dieta drastica3 (fig., = staple diet) pane quotidano: Social networking sites and computer games are their staple diet, i siti di incontri e i giochi sul computer sono il loro pane quotidianoB a. attr.dietetico: diet food [products], alimenti [prodotti] dietetici; diet cola, coca-cola light; diet drink, bevanda dieteticadiet (2) /ˈdaɪət/n.dieta; assemblea (spec. legislativa).(to) diet /ˈdaɪət/v. i. -
6 Agriculture
Historically, Portugal's agricultural efficiency, measured in terms of crop yields and animal productivity, has been well below that of other European countries. Agricultural inefficiency is a consequence of Portugal's topography and climate, which varies considerably from north to south and has influenced farm size and farming methods. There are three major agricultural zones: the north, center, and south. The north (the area between the Douro and Minho Rivers, including the district of Trás-os-Montes) is mountainous with a wet (180-249 cm of rainfall/year), moderately cool climate. It contains about 2 million hectares of cultivated land excessively fragmented into tiny (3-5 hectares) family-owned farms, or minifúndios, a consequence of ancient settlement patterns, a strong attachment to the land, and the tradition of subdividing land equally among family members. The farms in the north produce the potatoes and kale that are used to make caldo verde soup, a staple of the Portuguese diet, and the grapes that are used to make vinho verde (green wine), a light sparkling white wine said to aid the digestion of oily and greasy food. Northern farms are too small to benefit from mechanization and their owners too poor to invest in irrigation, chemical fertilizers, or better seeds; hence, agriculture in the north has remained labor intensive, despite efforts to regroup minifúndios to increase farm size and efficiency.The center (roughly between the Douro and the Tagus River) is bisected by the Mondego River, the land to either side of which is some of the most fertile in Portugal and produces irrigated rice, corn, grapes, and forest goods on medium-sized (about 100 hectares) farms under a mixture of owner-cultivation and sharecropping. Portugal's center contains the Estrela Mountains, where sheep raising is common and wool, milk, and cheese are produced, especially mountain cheese ( Queijo da Serra), similar to French brie. In the valley of the Dão River, a full-bodied, fruity wine much like Burgundy is produced. In the southern part of the center, where the climate is dry and soils are poor, stock raising mixes with cereal crop cultivation. In Estremadura, the area north of Lisbon, better soils and even rainfall support intensive agriculture. The small farms of this area produce lemons, strawberries, pears, quinces, peaches, and vegetables. Estremadura also produces red wine at Colares and white wine at Buçelas.The south (Alentejo and Algarve) is a vast rolling plain with a hot arid climate. It contains about 2.6 million hectares of arable land and produces the bulk of Portugal's wheat and barley. It also produces one of Portugal's chief exports, cork, which is made from bark cut from cork oaks at nine-year intervals. There are vast groves of olive trees around the towns of Elvas, Serpa, and Estremoz that provide Portugal's olives. The warm climate of the Algarve (the most southern region of Portugal) is favorable for the growing of oranges, pomegranates, figs, and carobs. Almonds are also produced. Farms in the south, except for the Algarve, are large estates (typically 1,000 hectares or more in size) known as latifúndios, worked by a landless, wage-earning rural work force. After the Revolution of 25 April 1974, these large estates were taken over by the state and turned into collective farms. During the 1990s, as the radicalism of the Revolution moderated, collectivized agriculture was seen as counterproductive, and the nationalized estates were gradually returned to their original owners in exchange for cash payments or small parcels of land for the collective farm workers.Portugal adopted the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) when it joined the European Union (EU) in 1986. The CAP, which is based on the principles of common pricing, EU preferences, and joint financing, has shifted much of Portugal's agricultural decision making to the EU. Under the CAP, cereals and dairy products have experienced declines in prices because these are in chronic surplus within the EU. Alentejo wheat production has become unprofitable because of poor soils. However, rice, tomatoes, sunflower, and safflower seed and potatoes, as well as Portuguese wines, have competed well under the CAP system.
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